Oujda is the capital of the east of Morocco. It is a border town with Algeria.
Itself is the earthly door of Morocco. It is built on the plain of Angad bordered by one of the most beautiful mountain regions of Morocco: the beni-Isnassen. This privileged location makes it a crossroads between Morocco and other countries of the Maghreb and North Africa on one hand and between Morocco and Europe via the other Nador.
Founded in 994 by Ziri Ben Attia chief of the tribe of Maghraoua (Zéèntes group of nomads), Oujda remained the capital of his kingdom for 80 years.
Arab historians relate that Ziri Ben Attia wanted to make a withdrawal from Oujda link in case of defeat, saying it was safer in the middle of a desert plain traversed by nomadic Zenetes at Fez or Tlemcen where the urban population was less attached to it.
Through this Ziri Ben Attia city would control a crossroads where cross caravans from the sea and those Sijilmassa uniting Tlemcen to Fez.
Oujda was therefore a knot of important commercial traffic at the crossroads of two major thoroughfares.
The dominance of Maghraoua only lasted eighty years. Oujda host then successively Almoravid and Almohad, who, in 1208, there arose a new fortification belt.
Later, the Meridians of Fez and Abdelouadites Tlemcen made it a challenge which resulted in its complete destruction in 1271 the king Mérinide Abou Youssef rebuilt the city by building a casbah, a palace, a mosque (Djamaa El Kebir) which still exists today.
Oujda was again ruined between 1335 and 1336 by Sultan Abu Hassan.
After 1336, the city built gradually, in 1679 the Alawite Sultan Moulay Ismail made some restoration of the main buildings of Oujda fell shortly after at the hands of structures which ended in 1795.
Between 1894 and 1896, an enclosure was built to protect the city, which then had the shape of an irregular polygon with an area of 28 hectares.
No changes should be made to its appearance until 1907, when the occupation of the city of Oujda by French troops on 29 March.
Three main gates gave access to the urban area to the east:
Bab Sidi Abdelouahab arched doorway flanked by two bastions, above which was the Maghzen hang the severed heads of the rebels hence the name "head gate"
North: Bab El Khemis. Medina comprised nine districts to different segments of the population Oujda (achegfane - ahl oujda - oulad amrane - ahl al jamel - Oulad el gadi - oulad Aîssa - the Jewish quarter)
Medina also included the neighborhood market (merchant and raking) and the district of the kasbah (offices maghzen)
Near Bab Sidi Abdelouahab, a souk MMOU market was held every Thursday, five hotels fondouk or three mosques Djamaâ El Kebir Djamaâ Heddada, Djamaa Sidi Okba) a madrasa or school, three synagogues.
In the gardens irrigated by seguias powered by sources of Sidi Yahia Benyounes, people were Oujda vegetable crops.
For safety reasons, the French military camp settled on a hill (572m) which at 900 meters south dominating the medina.
Around 1920 common interest constructions appear:
- Covered Arab market in the square of Bab Sidi Abdelouahab
- Slaughterhouses near the Kasba
- The Treasury building
- The Court of First Instance
- High school boys and the old college girls.
In 1910 the normal route of the railway was extended Marnia from Algeria to Oujda.
For technical reasons, the station was built three kilometers north of the medina (town koulouche) to 1920, appeared constructions of common interest. Covered Arab market in the square abdelouahab, a meadow of slaughterhouses kasbah, the building of the Treasury, the trial court, the boy from school and former college girls.
The construction of a new station, decided in 1928, due to the remoteness of the original station, helped to prevent any extension to the west of the city stopped on the east by the garden can only develop according a north-south axis.
Indeed, the constraints imposed on the topography the location of the station on the right bank of Oued-Nachef.
Itself is the earthly door of Morocco. It is built on the plain of Angad bordered by one of the most beautiful mountain regions of Morocco: the beni-Isnassen. This privileged location makes it a crossroads between Morocco and other countries of the Maghreb and North Africa on one hand and between Morocco and Europe via the other Nador.
Founded in 994 by Ziri Ben Attia chief of the tribe of Maghraoua (Zéèntes group of nomads), Oujda remained the capital of his kingdom for 80 years.
Arab historians relate that Ziri Ben Attia wanted to make a withdrawal from Oujda link in case of defeat, saying it was safer in the middle of a desert plain traversed by nomadic Zenetes at Fez or Tlemcen where the urban population was less attached to it.
Through this Ziri Ben Attia city would control a crossroads where cross caravans from the sea and those Sijilmassa uniting Tlemcen to Fez.
Oujda was therefore a knot of important commercial traffic at the crossroads of two major thoroughfares.
The dominance of Maghraoua only lasted eighty years. Oujda host then successively Almoravid and Almohad, who, in 1208, there arose a new fortification belt.
Later, the Meridians of Fez and Abdelouadites Tlemcen made it a challenge which resulted in its complete destruction in 1271 the king Mérinide Abou Youssef rebuilt the city by building a casbah, a palace, a mosque (Djamaa El Kebir) which still exists today.
Oujda was again ruined between 1335 and 1336 by Sultan Abu Hassan.
After 1336, the city built gradually, in 1679 the Alawite Sultan Moulay Ismail made some restoration of the main buildings of Oujda fell shortly after at the hands of structures which ended in 1795.
Between 1894 and 1896, an enclosure was built to protect the city, which then had the shape of an irregular polygon with an area of 28 hectares.
No changes should be made to its appearance until 1907, when the occupation of the city of Oujda by French troops on 29 March.
Three main gates gave access to the urban area to the east:
Bab Sidi Abdelouahab arched doorway flanked by two bastions, above which was the Maghzen hang the severed heads of the rebels hence the name "head gate"
North: Bab El Khemis. Medina comprised nine districts to different segments of the population Oujda (achegfane - ahl oujda - oulad amrane - ahl al jamel - Oulad el gadi - oulad Aîssa - the Jewish quarter)
Medina also included the neighborhood market (merchant and raking) and the district of the kasbah (offices maghzen)
Near Bab Sidi Abdelouahab, a souk MMOU market was held every Thursday, five hotels fondouk or three mosques Djamaâ El Kebir Djamaâ Heddada, Djamaa Sidi Okba) a madrasa or school, three synagogues.
In the gardens irrigated by seguias powered by sources of Sidi Yahia Benyounes, people were Oujda vegetable crops.
For safety reasons, the French military camp settled on a hill (572m) which at 900 meters south dominating the medina.
Around 1920 common interest constructions appear:
- Covered Arab market in the square of Bab Sidi Abdelouahab
- Slaughterhouses near the Kasba
- The Treasury building
- The Court of First Instance
- High school boys and the old college girls.
In 1910 the normal route of the railway was extended Marnia from Algeria to Oujda.
For technical reasons, the station was built three kilometers north of the medina (town koulouche) to 1920, appeared constructions of common interest. Covered Arab market in the square abdelouahab, a meadow of slaughterhouses kasbah, the building of the Treasury, the trial court, the boy from school and former college girls.
The construction of a new station, decided in 1928, due to the remoteness of the original station, helped to prevent any extension to the west of the city stopped on the east by the garden can only develop according a north-south axis.
Indeed, the constraints imposed on the topography the location of the station on the right bank of Oued-Nachef.
Source : moroccobiz
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